Specialists from our Jaw Deformities Center and Craniofacial and Cleft Center treat children with Pierre Robin Sequence. Ultrasound is the only method of prenatal diagnosis of Pierre Robin Sequence, but this method may miss a significant number of cases. A geneticist will examine all infants and discuss with each family the chances of having another infant with Pierre Robin Sequence. If the disorder is inherited, the recurrence risks may be up to 50 percent. In isolated Pierre Robin Sequence, the recurrence risk for siblings or offspring of the patient often is very low.Additional referrals and studies usually are recommended during our team visit. However, children may sometimes have other medical problems. Most infants with Pierre Robin Sequence are healthy children who have no other birth anomalies.It may be part of many genetic syndromes, though it often occurs in isolation environmental factors (such as a breech birth) also may play a role. The specific causes of Pierre Robin Sequence are unknown. Do not place a baby or infant with Pierre Robin Sequence on his/her back, which can cause the tongue to block the airway.These complications may increase the risk for mortality in early life. Speech articulation difficulties due to cleft palate may necessitate speech therapy. Airway obstruction is a primary concern, and may lead to hypoxia, failure to thrive and cerebral impairment. Affected infants need to be followed closely to ensure adequate weight gain. Potential complications include sucking and swallowing difficulties, breathing problems, apnea, feeding difficulties, gastro-esophageal reflux and abnormal speech.The cause of the cleft palate is thought to be interference by the tongue during the baby's early development while still in the womb. These children typically have a normal-sized tongue, but in the setting of a very small jaw, the tongue can act as an obstruction and result in a U-shaped cleft palate.This malformation occurs in approximately one in 8,500 births. Pierre Robin Sequence (also called Pierre Robin Complex or Syndrome) is a condition present at birth in which an infant has a very small lower jaw, a tongue that tends to fall back and downward and a soft cleft palate.
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